| 釋義 |
yeomann.
1. substantial farmer,man holding and cultivatingsmall landed estate,freeholder under the rank of agentleman富裕農(nóng)民，自耕農(nóng)，自由民（地位在紳士之下）。
△H.V.3.1.25:“And you,good yeomen,/ Whoselimbs were made in England,show us here / The met-tle of your pasture；”你們，健壯的自耕農(nóng)們，你們的胳膊腿兒是英格蘭所養(yǎng)育出來的，也在這里給大家顯示一下你們土生土長的素質(zhì)吧。
△1H.VI.2.4.81:“We grace the yeoman byconversing with him.”(The titles of Plantagenet’s fa-ther and his heirs were forfeited to the crown when Henry V executed him for treason.)我們跟這個自耕農(nóng)說話，就把他的地位抬高了。
△3H.VI.1.4.123:“Yet not sowealthy as an English yeoman.”然而還沒有一個英國自耕農(nóng)富裕。
△Lr.3.6.11 (9): “Prithee,nuncle,tell mewhether a madman be a gentleman or a yeoman?”老伯伯，請告訴我，一個瘋子是紳士呢還是自耕農(nóng)？
2. independent or working farmer (Yeomen were fa-mous for their bravery and proved trusty in the King’sservice.) 自由民，自耕農(nóng)。
△Ham. 5.2.35: “but,sir,now / It did me yeoman’s service (i.e. good andfaithful service).”但是，現(xiàn)在它卻像自耕農(nóng)一樣為我立了大功。
△R.III.5.3.339 (338):“Fight,gentlemen of Eng-land! Fight,bold yeomen!”戰(zhàn)斗吧，英國的貴族們！ 戰(zhàn)斗吧，勇敢的自耕農(nóng)！
3. small landowner小地主。
△1H.IV. 4.2.16 (15):“yeomen’s sons”小地主的兒子。
4. assistant to a constable警吏的助手。
△2H.IV.2.1.4(3):“Where’s your yeoman ?Is’t (=it) a lusty yeoman?”你的伙計在哪里？ 他可是個強壯有力的伙計？
Phrase:
yeoman of the wardrobe: an upper servant in chargeof the clothes in a noble family管衣家仆。
△Tw.2.5.44 (39):“the Lady of the Strachy married the yeomanof the wardrobe.”斯特拉齊小姐也曾下嫁她的管家。 yeoman自由農(nóng)在英國歷史中，介于紳士和勞動者之間的一個階級，通常是土地所有者，也可以是侍從、警衛(wèi)、隨員或小官吏。在中世紀后期，自由民大都耕種田地，不服兵役，故又名“自耕農(nóng)”。 yeoman[?j?um?n]n. 自耕農(nóng)，仆人 |