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v(1) 失敗;不及格(be unsuccessful in attempting to do something) [I，I+prep(in)，T+n，T+to-inf]：be doomed to～注定要失敗;～in one's efforts/in one's attempt to do sth 努力/嘗試失敗;～(in) a driver's test 駕駛考試沒通過;～in German 德語考試不及格;～one's examination 考試不及格;～in establishing/to establish world peace 沒能建立起世界和平;〖反〗 succeed，pass;

(2) 判定(考生等)不及格(decide， judge that sb is not good enough to pass an exam，test，etc) [T+n]：～half the class/sb in mathematics 評定班上一半的學生/某人數(shù)學不及格;～no students this term 本學期沒給任何學生判不及格;

(3) 疏忽，忘記，沒能(有) (neglect or not do sth;forget) [I+to-inf]：～to appear/to break a record/to live up to sb's expectation 沒露面/沒能打破記錄/辜負了某人的期待;Don't～to ring me up. 別忘了給我打電話。He never～s to write to me every month. 他每個月都不忘給我寫信。

(4) 缺乏，不足，欠收(be insufficient or not enough) [I，T+n]：～in carefulness 不夠仔細;His courage/words～ed him. 他缺乏勇氣/不知道說什么。The crops～ed because of/after a long drought. 因為長期干旱/經(jīng)過長期干旱之后，莊稼歉收了。Their water supply～ed (them). 他們的供水不足。

(5) (健康等) 衰弱(退，竭)，減弱(become weak;lose strength) [I]：His health/energy/heart is～ing. 他的健康在衰退/他的精力在下降/他的心臟在衰竭。suffer from～ing health 身體一直不好;The old man has been～ing in health since his sixtieth birthday. 那個老人在度過60周歲的生日以后健康便一直在走下坡路。Our eyesight often～s as we get older. 隨著年齡的增長，我們的視力常常會衰退。The wind～ed. 風減弱了?！纪絛ecline;〖反〗 grow，strengthen，flourish，prosper，gain;

(6) 停止起作用(stop functioning correctly) [I]：The brakes on the car/electric light～ed. 汽車的剎車失靈了/電燈熄滅了。

(7) 使失望，辜負……的期望(disappoint) [T+n]：I won't～you this time. 這一次我不會讓你失望的。

(8) 破產(chǎn)，倒閉(be unable to pay what one owes) [I]：cause a company to～導致一家公司破產(chǎn);A number of stores have～ed. 有幾家商店已經(jīng)倒閉?！纪?crash;

n 不及格(failure in an examination) [C]：have a/one～一門不及格;

without fail一(必，肯)定：The job will be finished on time without～. 工作一定會按時完成的。

→′failed adj 已失敗的;′failing n 缺(弱)點;prep 如果沒有;adj失敗的，衰退中的;′failure n