·1903年建成的河北新車站

直隸總督兼北洋大臣袁世凱到天津后，將直隸總督衙署遷至海防公所(今金鋼公園一帶) ,天津也開始作為直隸省的省會(huì)。由于城廂地區(qū)已經(jīng)遭到八國聯(lián)軍的嚴(yán)重破壞，城東南的海河兩岸便于發(fā)展的地區(qū)，被各國租界所侵占，袁世凱決定規(guī)劃開發(fā)海河上游以北地區(qū)——河北新區(qū)。
開發(fā)前的河北新區(qū)，大部分是坑、塘、荒地和墳塋。袁世凱在新區(qū)建車站、修道路、建橋梁、開設(shè)電話局、興辦實(shí)業(yè)、興建大中小學(xué)堂等，許多官邸、衙門紛紛遷至新區(qū)。使新市區(qū)迅速發(fā)展，很快成為天津繁榮的行政、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化教育管理中心。
光緒二十九年正月初二(1903年1月30日),在河北新區(qū)的北頭、京山鐵路上，建成啟用了河北新車站(今北站)。該站的中心里程為京山鐵路134.74公里，津浦鐵路以該點(diǎn)為起點(diǎn)，并與京山鐵路聯(lián)軌。
新車站建成后不到一個(gè)月，即光緒二十九年正月二十六日 (1903年2月23日),袁世凱批準(zhǔn)了工程總局制訂的 《開發(fā)河北新市場章程十三條》,確定了新區(qū)的四至是： 東沿京山鐵路，南迄金鐘河，西抵北運(yùn)河，北到新開河。
是年十月初九(1903年11月27日),由城廂東北通往河北新區(qū)的金鋼橋竣工，取代了舊的窯洼浮橋。同時(shí)，建成了自金鋼橋通往河北新車站的道路，稱大經(jīng)路(今中山路)。河北新區(qū)的布局，是以大經(jīng)路作為軸線，修建了與大經(jīng)路平行的二、三、四、五經(jīng)路(今二、三、四、五馬路); 沿經(jīng)路自南至北，又先后開筑了以《千字文》命名的、與經(jīng)路相垂直的天、地、元、黃、宇、宙、日、月、辰、宿、律、呂、調(diào)等，多條緯路，使整個(gè)河北新區(qū)形成了一套經(jīng)緯縱橫、四通八達(dá)的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。這種序列化的命名方法，既便于尋找，又影響深遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)今天的地名規(guī)劃仍具有參考價(jià)值。
為了加快河北新區(qū)的開發(fā)速度，光緒三十一年(1905)4月6日，袁世凱頒布了《開發(fā)河北新市場變通現(xiàn)行新章十三條》,限定在區(qū)域內(nèi)的業(yè)主，3年內(nèi)，一律修建房屋； 凡是臨靠馬路的，必須把房屋翻蓋成新瓦房。7月7日，袁世凱又批準(zhǔn)了天津府、縣改造馬路兩側(cè)小屋和窩鋪的辦法； 并準(zhǔn)許富裕商民自行改建，期限是一個(gè)月內(nèi)完工； 貧困商民由官府墊款，商民分期償還； 新章還規(guī)定，在大經(jīng)路修建河北公園； 沿主要街道修建新式商店；政府機(jī)關(guān)要遷到河北新區(qū)辦公，在新區(qū)內(nèi)興建工廠、學(xué)校等。其中，在行宮廟(糧店街),設(shè)立的行宮廟等官立小學(xué)堂，是天津最早的官立小學(xué)之一。
房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商見到河北新區(qū)大有商機(jī)，便爭相向天津縣承租土地、建筑房屋，以開發(fā)商的堂號(hào)為里巷名稱，拔地而起。如元福里、元善里、頤壽里、敏智巷等。一些中、下級(jí)的政府官吏，也因衙署的搬遷而到新區(qū)居住。于是，便形成了三、四馬路和黃、宇緯路之間的東興里、擇仁里等新式院落型的里弄住宅群。使當(dāng)時(shí)的河北新區(qū)有“天津新世界”之稱。
After grand minister of Beiyang Navy,Yuan Shikai,became Governor-general of Zhili Province (coveringthe area of present Hebei Province and part of Shandong,the Inner Mongolia and Liaoning Province),he movedhis office to Coast Defense Mansion (located nearJingang Park) in Tianjin. Since then Tianjin became thecapital of Zhili province. Since areas around the Tianjingate had been dramatically destroyed by Eight-countryAllied Forces and the underdeveloped areas alongbanks of Haihe River in the south of Tianjin had alsobecame concession areas,Yuan Shikai decided to planand develop areas to the northern of Haihe River,Hebeidistrict,so as to compete with the concession areas alongbanks of Haihe River in the southeast of Tianjin.
To tap and harness Hebei district most of whichwere covered with pits,ponds and tombs as well asdeserted land,Yuan Shikai started to built a new railwaystation and new bridges. He also constructed roads,opened Telephone Bureau,embarked enterprises andset up schools in this new area,which attracted moreand more offices of government coming in a continuousstream.This new area developed rapidly and becameTianjin`s centre of administration,economics andculture.
Then he approved "Thirteen Articles forDeveloping Hebei District" in February 23 in 1903 (the29th year of Emperor Guangxu). In the Thirteen Articles,four borders of Hebei district are defined,that is,theeast border was along Jingshan railway road,the southto Jinzhong River,and the west to the North Canal andthe north to the Xinkai River. To develop Hebei district,Tianjin Customer Office and Tianjin Municipal Officeissued an order that said all proprietors in Hebei districtmust 1) go to the Engineering Bureau for registrationwithin one month; 2) move tombs within six months;3) fill and level up all pits within one year; 4) build newhouses within twenty months with construction cost noless than 1000 Liang of silver every Mu of land.
In November 27,1903,the Jingang Bridgeconnecting the northeast areas around Tianjin gate andHebei district were completed with total cost of silver168000 Liang,therefore replacing the old YaowafuBridge. In the same day,the ceremony of its openingto traffic was held. The road from the Jingang Bridgeto Hebei new railway station was also completed at thesame time,called Dajing Road (now Zhongshan Road).This road was the widest road at that time in Tianjin,wider than those planned in concession areas.
Hebei district was laid out with Dajing road asthe axes (Dajing means the big longitude). The second,third,Sijing and Wujing roads (called Erjing,Sanjing,Sijing and Wujing and now called Er,San,Si and WuRoad) were then built,parallel to Dajing Road. Afterthat,multiple latitude roads named as Tian,Di,Yuan,Huang,Yu,Zhou,Ri,Yue,Chen,Su,LV,Tiao etc.(thesecharacters are from "One Thousands Characters") andvertical to the longitude roads were also built. Therefore,a traffic network extending with all directions werecreated in Hebei district. Easy to memorize and search,the sequential method of naming roads has far-reachingimpact and is still valuable to the current road namingand planning.
To speed up the development of Hebei district,inApril 6th,1905 (the 31st year of emperor Guangxu),Yuan Shikai approved and issued "Thirteen New Articlesfor Developing Hebei New Markets" which required thatall proprietors in Hebei district build new houses withinthree years and all houses along roads be remade intonew tile-roofed ones. In July 7th,Yuan Shikai approvedways to rebuild small houses and wickiups along the twosides of roads. Affluent business men were allowed torebuild their houses on their own way within one month.The government advanced money to those needy tradersto rebuild their houses on installment. According tothe new articles,Hebei Park at Dajing Road was built,new shops were built along major roads,governmentoffices were moved to Hebei district,and new factoriesand schools were also built there. Among the schoolsbuilt then,the public Xinggongmiao primary school atLiangdian Street was one of the earliest public schools inTianjin.
Real-estate developers saw great profit in Hebeidistrict. They rented lands and developed new houses.Therefore,groups of commercial houses arose out of thelands named after brands of real-estate developers suchas Yuanfuli,Yuanshanli,Yishouli and Minzhi lanes etc.Many low- and middle-rank government officials alsomoved to Hebei district because of the moving of theiroffices. They usually dwelled in the new yard-type lanehouse groups such as Dongxinli and Zerenli between Sanand Si Roads and between Huang and Yu roads. Hebeidistrict was therefore called "New World of Tianjin" atthat time.

·1903年建成的金鋼橋