| 釋義 |
proofn.
1.testing,experiment,test,trial檢驗，試驗，考驗，試探。
△ Ado.4.1.45:“in your own proof，”由你自己考驗。
△ Tw.3.4.202 (181):“proof itself”，實際考驗本身。
△Tw.3.4.293 (264):“Nothing of that wonderfulpromise,to read him by his form,as you are like tofind him in the proof of his valour.”從他的外表來看，你看不出任何驚人之處，像你在和他決斗的勇氣考驗中可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)的。
△Ham.4.7.154:“If this did blast in proof.”(Animage from gunnery.) 如果這一計在試驗中失敗。
△ 1H.IV.2.2.75 (69): “Well,we leave that to theproof.”好，我們讓事實來考驗吧。
△1H.VI.1.2.94:“Only this proof I'll of thy valour make.”我只要這樣試驗一下你的勇氣。
△H.VIII.1.1.196:“I do pronounce him inthat very shape / He shall appear in proof.”我現(xiàn)在所宣告的正是以后一定能查明的他的真正形象。
2. actual experience. experience親歷，經(jīng)驗。
△Tw.31.138(124): “for 'tis a vulgar proof / That very oftwe pity enemies ”這是常有的經(jīng)驗：我們對敵人也往往會發(fā)生憐憫。
△Mer.1.1.145(144): “this childhood proof.”這一段兒童時代的經(jīng)驗。
△Rom.1.1.174 (169): “Alasthat love,so gentle in his view. Should be so tyrannous and rough in proof(i.e. when actually experienced)!”唉，愛神外表這樣溫柔，行起事來卻如此專橫、粗暴！
△Ham.3.2.181(169): “Now what my love is,proofhath made you know，”我的情愛怎樣，經(jīng)驗已經(jīng)使你明了。
△R.III.2.3.43:“as by proof we see / The waterswell before a boisterous storm.”正像憑著經(jīng)驗我們看見海水高漲就知道要有一場暴風雨。
3. tested strength (of armour or arms),invulnerability,impenetrability （盔甲或武器）考驗過的強度，刀槍不入。
△Ham.3.4.38: “That it be proof and bulwark against sense.”以至于它變得像銅墻鐵壁刀槍不入，能夠抵御感情的滲透。
4. (abstract for concrete) armour that is proof against weapons,armour tested and found impenetrable,impenetrable armour刀槍不入的盔甲。
△R.III.5.3.219(218): “ten thousand soldiers / Armed in proof and led by shallow Richmond.”淺薄的里士滿所率領(lǐng)的身披刀槍不入的盔甲的十萬士兵。
△Rom.1.1.216 (210): “And instrong proof of chastity well armed，” i.e. in thestrong impenetrable armour of virginity she is wellarmed. 她有堅不可破的貞操像鎧甲一樣嚴密防身。
△Mac.1.2.55 (54):“l(fā)apped in proof.”穿戴上堅固的盔甲。
5. example榜樣。
△Lr.2.3.13:“The country gives me proof and precedent / Of Bedlam beggars.”鄉(xiāng)間給我提供了不少瘋乞丐的榜樣和先例。
6. written evidence證詞。
△H.VIII. 2.1.16: “Urged on the examinations,proofs. confessions / Of divers witnesses.”根據(jù)各個證人的作證書、證詞和口供，堅持控告。
7. ?trial,test試驗，考驗。
?issue,result,fulfilment結(jié)果，效果，完成。
come to any proof: stand much testing,stand the test,have proved any good,turn out well經(jīng)受住多少考驗，經(jīng)得起考驗，證明有什么用處，最后有什么出息。
△2H.IV.4.3.96 (90): “There’s never none of these demure boys (i.e. boys who) come to any proof，”像這樣一本正經(jīng)的孩子們，沒有一個會成什么氣候的。
Phrases:
just proof: proof of integrity證明為正直。
△Lr. 3. 6.122(113): “In thy just proof”，i.e. upon your being proved guiltless. 在證明你無辜之后。
of proof: ?impenetrable,tested by experience and hence reliable,as a coat of mail（像鎧甲一樣）牢不可破的，久經(jīng)考驗的。
?well worn,badly worn穿得很舊的，穿得太破的。
△2H.VI.4.2.67 (60):“He need not fear thesword,for his coat is of proof.”他不必怕劍，因為他的鎧甲(雙關(guān)：外套)已經(jīng)久經(jīng)考驗(雙關(guān)：破得不能再破)了。 proof of arms: test of skill at arms比武。
△1H.IV.5.2. 53: “Unless a brother should a brother dare / Togentle exercise and proof of arms.”除非是弟弟向哥哥提出挑戰(zhàn)，要進行一番平和的比武演習。
put in proof: put to the test,try in the experiment使受檢驗，使受試驗。
△Lr.4.6.190(185):“I'll put't inproof，”我要把它試驗一下。
to the proof: so armed as to be invulnerable有恃無恐。
△ Shr.2.1.141 (140): “to the proof,as mountainsare for winds，”有恃無恐，正像被風吹的山岳一樣。
to no proof: to no purpose,fruitless徒勞無益，毫無結(jié)果。
△Shr.4.3.43:“all my pains is sorted to no proof.”我的辛苦都白費了。
proofa. armoured,armed,invulnerable披戴盔甲的，武裝起來的，不會受傷害的。
△Rom.2.2.72: “Look thoubut sweet,/ And I am proof against their enmity.”i.e. and I am armed against their hatred. 你只要溫柔地對我看上一眼，他們的敵意就不能傷害我。
proof eterne: eternal endurance,always impenetrable永遠不透，永難刺穿。
△Ham.2.2.520 (490):“Mars's armour forged for proof eterne”，馬爾斯那永難刺穿的鎧甲。 proof[pru:f]n.證據(jù)，證明，憑據(jù)，佐證，校樣，校對，試驗，考驗v.檢驗，表明是adj. 防…的
‖ burden of proof舉證責任
onus of proof舉證責任
proof beyond reasonable doubt證實無可置疑
proof by case案例證明
proof by contradiction矛盾證明（法）/ proof by induction歸納證明
proof by interpretation解釋證明
proof by recursion遞歸證明（法）/proof by reduction ad absurdum歸謬法證明
proof by superposition疊合證法
proof coin樣幣
proof double重拋雙靶
proof from assumptions假設(shè)求證（法）
proof from hypotheses假說求證（法）proof from premises前提求證（法）
proof gold標準金
proof in page版樣
proof in sheets版樣
proof of age年齡認證
proof of birth出生認證
proof of citizenship國籍證件
proof of death死亡證明
proof of debt債務(wù)證明
proof of deposits存款核實
proof of derived rule RAA導(dǎo)出規(guī)則
RAA的證明
proof of handwriting字跡認證
proof of indebtedness負債證據(jù)
proof of loss損失證明
proof of marriage婚姻認證
proof of ownership產(chǎn)權(quán)證書
proof of purchase購貨證明
proof plate校樣印版
proof positive鐵證
proof reader校對
proof reader’s errors校對錯誤
proof reading校對
proof relative consistency相對一致性證明
proof sample樣品
proof schema證明模式
proof scheme驗證方案
proof sheet校樣
proofer n. 檢驗者
proof fire n.射擊試驗
proofless adj. 無證據(jù)的
proofmark n.驗訖印記
proofreader n. 校對員，校對者
proof-theoretic adj.證明論（式）的
proof-theoretic consequence證明論的結(jié)論
proof-theoretic consistency證明論一致性
proof-theoretic inconsistency證明論的不一致性
proof-theory n.證明論 |