know/n? ?, AmE no?/ v ［knew/nju:, AmE nu:/;known/n?un, AmE no?n］; n
v (1)知道，了解(be aware of or have been informed about;be certain)[I，T+n，T+that，T+wh，T+wh-inf，T+to-inf，C+n+to-inf]：as far as/so far as I～，就我所知;Who～s? 誰知道? He said he didn't～. 他說他不知道。He thinks he～s better than anybody. 他認(rèn)為他比別人學(xué)識淵博。～sb's address/the answer to a question知道某人的地址/一個(gè)問題的答案;Do you～him? 你認(rèn)識他嗎? To know everything is to know nothing.(prov)什么都知道即什么都不知道。I～that you aren't a prejudiced man/they don't like Tom. 我知道你不是個(gè)有偏見的人/他們不喜歡湯姆?！玾hat sb's doing/why he refused to come 知道某人在干什么/他為什么拒絕來此;How Jennie became acquainted with Tom we do not～. 我們不知道珍妮是如何認(rèn)識湯姆的。I don't～which one to take. 我不知道該拿哪個(gè)好?！玸b to be honest/a liar/a fool 知道某人誠實(shí)/是個(gè)說謊者/是個(gè)笨蛋;〖同〗realize，perceive，understand，see，notice;
?(2)會，懂，知曉(have knowledge of and be able to use)[T+n，T+wh，T+wh-inf]：～Japanese/the poem by heart/one's job 會日語/能背誦那首詩/勝任自己的工作;Nobody～s whether he's here or not.沒人知道他是否在此?！玥ow to swim/drive/make friends 會游泳/能開車/懂得交朋友;
?(3)認(rèn)識，熟悉(be acquainted or familiar with)[T+n，C+n+prep(as)]：～sb/New York/the lay-out of a room very well 非常熟悉某人/紐約/房間的布局;have known sb for five years 認(rèn)識某人五年了：～London better than Washington 對倫敦比對華盛頓更熟悉;～sb by sight 同某人只是面熟;～Vienna as the place where one spent his childhood 對維也納很熟悉，那是自己度過童年的地方;before one～s where one is 轉(zhuǎn)眼(瞬息)之間;
?(4)(辨)認(rèn)出，識別(distinguish，identify or recognize)[T+n，T+n+prep(from)]：～sb by sb's walk/a good wine when one tastes it 從其步態(tài)認(rèn)出某人/一嘗就知道是好酒;～right from wrong 分清是非;～Mary from her twin sister 辨別瑪麗和她的孿生姐(或妹);～oneself 有自知之明;
?(5)認(rèn)(稱)為…… (regard as) [C+n +prep(as)常 pass]：He is known as a fair judge/an excellent dancer.他被認(rèn)為是一名公正的法官/優(yōu)秀的舞蹈家。
?(6)經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)(have an experience of)[T+n]：～grief and happiness/poverty and riches 品嘗了悲傷與歡樂/貧窮與富有;
?(7)見(聽)到過((only in the past and perfect tenses) have seen，heard，etc)[C+n+to-inf，BrE C+n+inf]：(只用于過去時(shí)和完成時(shí))：I've never known her (to) lose her temper. 我從未見她發(fā)過脾氣。I've never known him sing so beautifully before. 以前我從沒聽說過他歌唱得這么優(yōu)美。
?be known to sb為……所熟知：She's known to everyone as an excellent actress.大家都知道她是個(gè)優(yōu)秀演員。
?know best 最具權(quán)威性：You～best，Tom，I trust you. 湯姆，你最在行，我信任你。
?know better than 應(yīng)懂得不該……：You should～better than to play with knives. 你應(yīng)明白不該拿刀子玩耍。
?know sth backwards 非常熟悉，倒背如流： Every actor ought to～his lines backwards before he goes on stage，as nervousness may make him forgetful. 上臺前每位演員都應(yīng)該對臺詞倒背如流，這是因?yàn)橐痪o張可能會忘詞。
?know which side one's bread is buttered(infml)知道怎樣對自己有利：Dick was always polite to the boss;he knew which side his bread was buttered. 迪克對老板總是彬彬有禮，他知道如何表現(xiàn)對自己有利。
?let sb know 告訴：Please let them～that we are coming. 請告訴他們我們要去。
?make oneself known to sb 對……作自我介紹：When I saw the new teacher I made myself known to him. 我一見到新老師便向他作了自我介紹。
?not know where/which way to look (infml)不知如何是好：When Jennie missed the last bus home，she didn't～which way to look. 珍妮錯(cuò)過了回家的最后一班車，她真不知道如何是好。
?there is no knowing 沒法知道：There is no～ing what he'll do next. 不可能知道他下一步將要做什么。
?you know (infml) 你知道(提醒對方或只作填補(bǔ)詞)： You'll have to try harder，you～，if you want to succeed. 你要知道，如果想成功，就得更加努力。
?know about (v prep)了解，知道(vt)：Tell us everything that you～about the enemy's activities. 告訴我們你所知道的敵人的全部活動。
?know of (v prep)聽說過(vt)：I～of the town but I've never been there. 我聽說過那個(gè)鎮(zhèn)子，但從未去過。
?→′know-all(infml) n 自以為無所不知的人，′know-how n 技能(巧)，專門技術(shù);′knowing adj 心照不宣的;精明的;′knowingly adv 故意地;心照不宣地;
?n 僅用于 in the know (infml) 知道實(shí)情(內(nèi)幕)： I am sure the information I have given you is correct，for it was told me by someone who is in the～.我敢肯定我告訴你的消息絕對準(zhǔn)確，因?yàn)樗怯芍纼?nèi)幕的人透露給我的。
?【辨異】know與comprehend和understand均可表示“知道”，“了解”。know指知道事實(shí)或真相，如：I don't～whether he is here or not. (我不曉得他是否在這兒。)comprehend指對某事能徹底了解并能理解它與相關(guān)計(jì)劃、事實(shí)等的各種關(guān)系，如： Tom～s the subtleties of the poem.(湯姆了解這首詩的細(xì)微差別。)understand 指不僅完全知道某事的意思，而且還知道它的含義，如：I think I can～the position you're all in.(我想我能了解你們所處的境地。)