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v (1)(使)磨(變)光滑(亮) ((cause the surface of sth to) be smooth and shiny by rubbing) [I， I+prep(with)， I+adv(up)， T+n， T+n+prep(with)， T+n+adv(up)]： This table doesn't～very well. 這張桌子不易擦亮。The wood～es easily. 這種木材容易打磨光亮?！玹he car/the glasses 擦亮汽車/眼鏡;～the silver before the guests arrive 客人來以前將銀器擦亮;～(up) furniture/shoes with a cloth 用布將家具/鞋擦光亮;〖同〗shine，smooth;

(2)修改，潤色，使完美(improve sth; make sth more refined) [T+n](fig)：～a speech/an article 潤色一篇講話/文章;The speaker spent several days～ing her lecture. 演講者花了幾天時間字斟句酌地修改講稿。His manners need～ing.他的舉止有待改進?！纪絧erfect，refine，improve，correct;

polish off (v adv) 迅速完成(vt)(infml)：～off a job/a pile of letters/one's homework/a plateful of ham 迅速干完一件工作/看完一堆信/完成作業(yè)/吃光一盤火腿;

→′polished adj擦亮的，磨光的;有教養(yǎng)的，優(yōu)雅的;′polisher n磨光機;磨光工;

n (1) 1)磨(擦)光亮的表面(shiny surface， etc produced by rubbing) [U， a～]： the～of the furniture 家具的光澤;a table-top with a good/a wonderful～很光滑的桌面;(hot plate) will spoil the～on the table (熱盤子)會把桌面的光澤燙壞;buff/rub the floor to a high～把地板打磨得相當光滑;〖同〗shine，smoothness，brightness; 2)擦拭，打磨 (act of polishing) [U， a～]： give the floor/the glasses/the table top a good/thorough～仔細/徹底擦拭地板/眼鏡/桌面; 3)擦拭(上光)劑 (substance used in polishing a surface) [U， C]： furniture/floor/shoe～家具上光蠟/地板上光蠟/鞋油;a tin of metal～一盒金屬上光劑;apply～to sth 在某物上使用上光劑;use brown～on these shoes 這雙鞋要上棕色鞋油;〖同〗wax，oil;

(2)教(修)養(yǎng)，文(優(yōu))雅;精雕細琢 (fine quality of manners or elegance; refinement) [U](fig)： a man of charm and～既有魅力又有教養(yǎng)的人;The mountain boy is rather rough. He lacks～. 那山里的孩子很粗野，缺少教養(yǎng)。Four years of college gave her considerable～. 四年的學院學習使她增加了不少修養(yǎng)。write/speak with～文章寫得/話說得很優(yōu)雅;〖同〗grace，culture，refinement，elegance，politeness